Tiểu Sử Châu Hoằng Liên Trì Đại Sư – Liên Tông Bát Tổ (1535-1615)
Châu Hoằng đại sư, tự Phật Huệ, hiệu Liên Trì, người đời Minh, con nhà họ Trầm, ở xứ Nhân Hòa tại Hàng Châu. Năm mười bảy tuổi ngài đã được bổ làm Giáo thọ, nổi tiếng là người học hạnh kiêm toàn.
Láng giềng có bà lão, mỗi ngày niệm Phật vài ngàn câu, lấy làm thường khóa. Nhân lúc rỗi rảnh sang chơi, ngài hỏi duyên cớ, bà đáp: “Ông nhà tôi lúc sanh tiền chuyên lo niệm Phật, đến khi chết, không đau bịnh chi, vui vẻ vòng tay cáo từ mọi người mà qua đời. Do đó, tôi biết công đức niệm Phật không thể nghĩ bàn!” Ngài nghe nói cảm động, từ đó hằng để ý đến pháp môn Tịnh độ. Lại viết bốn chữ: “Sống chết việc lớn” dán nơi vách đầu bàn đệ tự răn nhắc.
Năm ba mươi hai tuổi, ngài xuất gia, rồi đi tham phỏng các bậc danh đức. Sau cùng đến học đạo với Tiếu Nham Nguyệt Tâm thiền sư, tham câu “Niệm Phật là ai?”. Một hôm, đang đi tham cứu bỗng chợt tỉnh ngộ. làm bài kệ rằng:
Hai chục năm qua việc đáng nghi
Ngoài ba ngàn dặm gặp sao kỳ!
Đốt hương, liệng kích dường như mộng
Ma, Phật, tranh suông lẫn thị phi!
Niên hiệu Long Khánh thứ năm, Đại sư đi khất thực ngang qua đỉnh Vân Thê, thấy cảnh nước non cực kỳ u nhã, quyết ý cất am ở tu. Trong núi ấy có nhiều cọp, ngài hành phép Du Già thí thực, từ đó các loài thú dữ không còn khuấy hại nữa. Mấy năm sau, gặp lúc nắng hạn lâu, cư dân quanh vùng đến am cầu xin đảo võ. Ngài đáp: “Tôi chỉ biết niệm Phật, không có tài chi khác!”. Mọi người vẫn nài nỉ cố thỉnh. Đại sư cảm lòng thành của dân chúng, ra thảo am gõ mõ đi dọc theo bờ ruộng mà niệm Phật. Bước chân của ngài đi đến đâu, mưa lớn rơi theo đến đó. Nhân dân vui mừng kính dức, cùng nhau hiệp xây cất điện chùa. Tăng chúng các nơi lần lượt nương về, không bao lâu chỗ ấy thành cảnh đại tòng lâm trang nghiêm thanh tịnh.
Đại sư tuy đã tỏ thiền cơ, nhưng xét thấy căn lực người thời mạt pháp kém yếu, kẻ nói lý thì nhiều song ngộ lý thật rất ít. Vì muốn lợi mình và người, nên gài chủ trương Tịnh độ, cực lực bác bỏ cuồng thiền. Bộ Phật Thuyết A Di Đà Kinh Sớ Sao do ngài trứ tác, dung hòa cả sự lý, gồm nhiếp khắp ba căn, lời dẫn giải rất là uyên áo. Về trước, các bậc Tôn đức trong Phật giáo, tuy hoằng truyền Tịnh độ, nhưng vẫn không bỏ Thiền tông đến phiên Đại sư là người được chánh truyền tâm ấn từ ngài Tiếu Nham thuộc dòng Lâm Tế, lại chỉ hoằng dương Tịnh độ. Vì thế, các nhà thiền học đường thời rất không bằng lòng. Ông Tào Lỗ Xuyên, một vị học Phật, hai phen gởi thư đến Vân Thê gạn hỏi. Ngài cũng hai phen phúc đáp mà vài đoạn có liên quan đến Tịnh độ, sẽ được trích thuật ở phần sau.
Đại sư bình thời cũng tu các công đức để phụ trợ tịnh nghiệp, nhưng truyền giới pháp, khai những ao phóng sanh. Ngài lại thẩm định nghi Thủy Lục, hành Du Già Diệm Khẩu để cứu khổ u minh, truyền bá văn giới sát, khiến người quy hóa làm lành rất nhiều.
Năm Vạn Lịch thứ bốn mươi, cuối tháng 6, Đại sư vào thành từ biệt các đệ tử và những người cố cựu, nói: “Tôi sắp đi nơi khác!.” Rồi ngài trở về chùa thiết tiệc trà từ giã đại chúng. Mọi người không hiểu là duyên cớ gì. Đến chiều mùng một tháng bảy, ngài vào Tăng đường bảo: “Mai này tôi sẽ đi”.
Qua chiều hôm sau, đại sư kêu mệt rồi vào tư thất ngồi kiết già nhắm mắt. Chư Tăng, các đệ tử tại gia và những người cố cựu trong thành đều hội đến. Ngài mở mắt ra nhìn mọi người nói: “các vị nên chân thật niệm Phật, đừng làm điều chi khác lạ, và chớ phá hoại quy củ của tôi”. Nói xong, hướng về Tây chấp tay niệm Phật mà qua đời. Thọ được tám mươi mốt tuổi.
Dịch Việt: HT. Thích Thiền Tâm
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